英文タイトル:
Survey Report: Awareness and Attitudes Regarding the Heritage of Memories Related to the 1995 Southern Hyogo Earthquake Among those Born After the Disaster (Basic Elements)
執筆者:山中速人、照本清峰、奈良雅美、金千秋
掲載誌:『総合政策研究』61号、pp.47-69 (2020-09-20)
要約:
2020年1月17日、阪神・淡路大震災(以下:大震災)の発災後25年が経った。この間、被災地周辺でも、大震災を知らない新しい世代が数多く誕生した。大震災の記憶を未来に継承していく役割を担うこれら震災後世代が、大震災についての記憶継承についてどのような態度と意識をもっているかを明らかにするため、2019年に被災地の放送局FMYYと関西学院大学総合政策学部が共同して意識調査を実施した。
調査対象は、被災地周辺の3つの大学(関西学院大学、神戸大学、神戸常磐大学)の学部生で、有効回答は445サンプルであった。主な調査内容は、5領域であり、1大震災についての情報源、2大震災についての関心対象、3大震災の記憶継承についての認識と態度、4継承すべき大震災の記憶、5大震災の記憶継承の効果的方法、であった。
主な調査結果として、次のことが明らかになった。7割近くの回答者が、学校教育をつうじて大震災を知り、学校教育が記憶継承に効果的手段だと答えた。回答者は、継承すべき大震災の記憶として、将来の防災や災害時の対処法などに役立つ実用的な情報に関心が高く、大震災の客観的事実やデータなど客観的情報への関心に強い関心を示した。これらと比べて、回答者は、被災者の感情や思い、犠牲者の辛い記憶など主観的な情報には相対的に低い関心を示した。結論として、われわれ調査グループは、このような震災後世代の記憶継承にかんする関心の偏りを「災害記憶の選択的継承」と概念化した。
英文Abstract:
January 17, 2020, marked the 25th anniversary of the Southern Hyogo Earthquake. In the decades since the disaster, a whole new generation has emerged in the region with no ex- perience or direct knowledge of the great earthquake. And yet it is the young people of this generation who will need to pass on the memories of the great earthquake to future genera- tions. In order to clarify the attitudes and awareness among the post-earthquake generation regarding the heritage of disaster memories, the Kwansei Gakuin University School of Policy Studies and Community Media FMYY, a local community broadcasting company, undertook a joint project to survey young people in the region. The survey was carried out among undergraduate students at three universities in the former disaster region: Kwansei Gakuin University, Kobe University, and Kobe Tokiwa University. There were 445 valid responses. The survey questionnaire covered the following five major areas: (1) sources of information on the Southern Hyogo Earthquake, (2) interest in the disaster, (3) awareness and attitudes regarding the heritage of disaster memories, (4) which memories should be passed on, and (5) effective methods for passing on the memories. Upon compilation of the survey results, the following factors became evident. Close to 70 percent of the respon- dents said they learned about the Southern Hyogo Earthquake in school and felt that school education was an effective method for passing on the memories of the disaster. Among the memories that respondents felt were the most important to be passed on were those con- veying practical information that would be useful for disaster mitigation and responding to future disasters. Interest was high in objective facts and data related to the disaster. In contrast, interest was relatively low in subjective information, such as the emotions, feel- ings, and painful memories of the victims. In conclusion, our research group has chosen to conceptualize this phenomenon of biased interest in memory heritage among those of the post-earthquake generation as “selective inheritance of disaster memories."
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